A commentary notes that although limited by small sample size, this analysis seems to confirm hypothesis that response to treatment varies based on EGFR mutation present. However after almost 10 years of studies and meta-analyses on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, several questions remain: It is still unclear what method is the best to detect the presence of mutations and the biological significance of the presence of mutations in a very low percentage of cells, and whether it is possible to personalise treatment based on which EGFR mutation is present? Even less is known about rare mutations. The commentator suggests that “the data from this current study—although patient numbers are too small to draw definite conclusions—suggest that chemotherapy could be the best first-line treatment for some of these patients, and that the decision of whether to offer chemotherapy or EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors should be discussed with each patient on the basis of toxicity profiles and all available data.”