Median time to progression could not be calculated in the HSCT group because of too few events; it was 24 months (interquartile range, 18-48 months) in the disease-modifying therapy (DMT) group (HR 0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.24; P<0.001).
Disease progression occurred in 3 patients in the HSCT group and 34 patients in the DMT group, with rates of disease progression at 1 year of 1.92% in the HSCT group and 24.5% in the DMT group and at 5 years of 9.71% in the HSCT group and 75.3% in the DMT group.
In a related editorial, the author highlights that some questions still remain unanswered: When in the course of MS is HSCT most optimally used? How many DMTs should fail in a patient before considering HSCT? What is the optimal transplant conditioning regimen that balances toxicity and efficacy in controlling MS?