An editorial discusses where this leaves patients who are living with symptoms possibly related to Lyme disease, and clinicians. It notes that this study is an important contribution and contains a simple message, regardless of the diagnosis given to those enrolled in the trial- that is, patients with subjective symptoms attributed to Lyme disease should not anticipate that even longer courses of antibiotics will produce relief, a finding that is in line with results from previous trials. It adds that these patients may take small comfort in a recent study of longer-term outcomes after culture-confirmed Lyme disease that showed that mental and physical health scores had returned to baseline scores similar to those of the age-adjusted U.S. population. As prolonged antibiotic therapy is not the answer, the commentators discuss their personal approach, which is based on making thorough assessments for alternative diagnoses such as sleep disorders and providing recommendations borrowed from practices in general medicine.