Refractory coeliac disease type 2 is a rare subtype of coeliac disease with high mortality rates; interleukin 15 (IL-15) is strongly implicated in its pathophysiology. AMG714 is the first anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibody to be investigated for the treatment of coeliac disease.
A second trial (n=64) reported in the journal investigated the effects of AMG 714 in patients with coeliac disease who underwent gluten challenge. It found that the primary efficacy endpoint, percentage change from baseline to week 12 in villous height-to-cryptdepth (VHCD) ratio was not significantly different between placebo and AMG 714 at either 150 mg or 300 mg doses, but effects on intraepithelial lymphocyte density and symptoms suggest that further research of AMG 714 may be warranted in patients with non-responsive coeliac disease.