An editorial notes that although surgical treatment of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain results in symptomatic improvement in most patients, medical treatment remains the mainstay of long-term management. However, no new class of drugs has been approved for endometriosis since the FDA approved the parenterally administered gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists more than 25 years ago. It considers this oral, nonpeptide GnRH antagonist as a considerable and welcome advance, and discusses their potential place in therapy. It adds that if these drugs are approved by the FDA, it will be important to see what restrictions the agency may put on their use. Also long-term data will be needed to guide treatment decisions.