A commentary notes that although the data presented in this study add to the body of knowledge and understanding of HPV prevalence in penile cancer and pre-neoplastic lesions, it has a slight concern about findings related to biases inherent to the meta-analysis technique. It adds that despite this, it considers these data to still be extremely valuable in that they confirm opportunities exist for two broad campaigns of clinical intervention in penile cancer: first, increasing vaccination against HPV as a mechanism of decreasing future HPV-related cases, and second, personalised targeting based on genomic characteristics.