Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force -

Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Information type: Systematic reviews
Source: Journal of the American Medical Association
Specialities: Later life | Musculo-skeletal disorders | Nutritional and metabolic disorders
Summary
Review of 11 RCTs reports vitamin D supplementation +/- calcium was not associated with reduced fracture incidence among adults without known vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis, or prior fracture. Vitamin D with calcium was associated with increase in incidence of kidney stones.
UKMi comment

This 2018 USPSTF guideline concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the risks/benefits of vitamin D and calcium supplementation, and recommends against daily supplementation for primary prevention of fractures in community-dwelling, postmenopausal women.

Separately, NICE has also issued Public Health guidance on vitamin D supplementation in specific population groups (August 2017).
Related links: Recommendation Statement - Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement NICE Public Health guidance Editorial - Preventing Fractures and Falls: A Limited Role for Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements?Editorial - New Prevention Guidelines for Falls and Fractures