Two-Year Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy in Preterm Infants: Follow-Up of the OPTIMIST: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Two-year follow up (n=486) found infants with respiratory distress syndrome supported with CPAP assigned minimally invasive surfactant therapy did not have reduced rate of death/neurodevelopmental disability vs sham treatment (36.3% vs 36.1% respectively, RR 1.0, 95%CI 0.81-1.24)

SPS commentary:

Infants who received minimally invasive surfactant therapy did however have lower rates of adverse respiratory outcomes during their first 2 years of life (rate of hospitalisation for respiratory illness: 25.1% vs 38.2%, RR 0.66, 95%CI 0.54-0.81 and patient-reported wheezing or breathing difficulty: 40.6% vs 53.6%, 0.76, 0.63-0.90).

Journal of the American Medical Association